Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry

Corporate Social Responsibility And Ethics Report Essay

Daniel Schwartz Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics Report Introduction Raymond James is a financial service holding company with subsidiaries specializing in investment banking, financial planning, investments, and asset management. The company was founded in 1962, has been public since 1983, and was founded in St. Petersburg, Florida. In June 2016, Raymond James joined the Fortune 500 list for the first time. This paper will address the corporate social responsibility and ethics of this financial institution (Raymond James). Raymond James and Corporate Social Responsibility Raymond James addresses social responsibility in a variety of ways. The â€Å"Social Responsibility† tab on their website demonstrates their efforts to show their impact in the community. The page starts with a message from Bob James, the founder of Raymond James, and his belief that putting others first is the only way to conduct business correctly. This mentality has stuck with the company as a way of thanking those who have supported Raymond James over the years. This message is followed by photos of some of the activities that Raymond James employees have participated in, helping paint the picture of what the company has really done in the community. According to the website, in 2015 Raymond James contributed over $8 million to local communities and supported 25+ organizations, events, and programs. A CSR fact sheet is also available that lays out the quantitative facts from their volunteerShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics an d Corporate Social Responsibility Individual Report: Corruption2903 Words   |  12 PagesBusiness Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Individual report: Corruption February 2013 Friedrich Heinrich Zenzen University of Greenwich Introduction Corruption is a complex political, social, and economic anomaly that negatively affects developing and developed countries. 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The Mask Of The Red Death By Edgar Allen Poe - 1983 Words

Edgar Allen Poe is one of the most renowned writers of the nineteenth century in America. Poe will forever be a part of the literary world with such works as â€Å"The Mask Of the Red Death†,† The Tale-Tell Heart†, and â€Å"The Pit and the Pendulum.† Poe’s imagination was one that could conjure up all manner of devilish obstacles for a reader to mentally envision. Poe will forever be remembered as a writer of dark literature, with themes of death, insanity, and the supernatural. The challenges that Poe encountered during his life really help shaped his destiny. Poe continually had to work to overcome obstacles; many of the obstacles were of his own making. He was born January 19, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the second child of two†¦show more content†¦Poe left the University and looked for employment where he could find it. Poe did not have any skills or education to help him. Poe enlisted in the Army for two years and served in the U.S Army Artillery with assignments in Fort Independence in Boston, Massachusetts, Fort Moultrie in South Carolina, and Fortress Monroe in Virginia (SP 330). Poe had more actual, hands-on, professional military experience than any other writer in our history (SP.329). He later applied to West Point to become a cadet with the help of Allen. Poe once again pleaded with Allen for financial support, but Allen turned him down. Poe was an exemplary student, but only lasted two semesters. He was expelled because he continually ignored his duties and broke the rules. Poe and Allen would not reconcile their differences before Allen’s death in 1834. After leaving the academy, Poe, a struggling writer, found himself moving around a lot. He was in New York City, Richmond, Philadelphia, but finally stayed in Baltimore from 1831 to 1835. He was focusing full time on his writing, and trying to make a career as an editor and a l iterary critic. He was known to be quite cutthroat in his reviews. Poe even called fellow literary giant Henry Wadsworth Longfellow a plagiarist. In 1835 Poe returned to Richmond. Poe’s drinking and his quick temper made it hard for him to stay employed in one place for very long, actually

Doctrine of Repugnancy in India - 2797 Words

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In a recent judgment , dealing with the issues relating to the constitutional validity of Maharashtra Control of the Organized Crime Act (a State legislation), the Supreme Court revisited the doctrine of Repugnancy and explained its nuances in its decision in Zameer Ahmed Latifur Rehman Sheikh v. State of Maharashtra and Ors. in the following terms: Chapter I of Part XI of the Constitution deals with the subject of distribution of legislative powers of the Parliament and the legislature of the States. Article 245 of the Constitution provides that the Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State. The legislative field of the Parliament and the State Legislatures has been specified in Article 246 of the Constitution Article 246, reads as follows: - Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the legislature of States. 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Inflation in Australia for the Last 5 Years and the Governments Policy

Question: Write an essay on "Inflation in Australia for the last 5 years and the governments policy on inflation". Answer: Introduction Inflation refers to as increase in the general price level for products and services. It is considered as an economic illness of a country that affects the standard of living of the people. Hyperinflation refers to as the situation where the prices increase very quickly and deflation refers to as decrease in the prices(Anderson, n.d.). The consumer prices fall 0.2% in the first quarter of 2016 and it was expected that the consumer prices would increase to 0.3%. The Australian Bureau of Statistics stated that fall in the price for fruit, fuel and international holiday accommodation and travel registered as most significant decrease in the first quarter. The drops were offset partially by increase in the price for hospital and medical services, pharmaceutical products and secondary education. The inflation came down at 1.3 percent in the first quarter and down from 1.7 percent in the fourth quarter that marked as the lowest reading in the last four year (Anon, 2016). The annual inflati on in the first quarter was steady despite of lower inflation at 1.5 percent which shows below the inflation target of the reserve bank of Australia that is 2% to 3%. In 2016, it is expected that the inflation would average 1.6 percent that is unchanged from the forecast of last month. The consumer prices in Australia rose around 1.3% through the year to March quarter of the year 2016 from the 1.7% in previous quarter and it is below market. The consumer prices dropped unexpectedly on a quarterly basis by 0.2% and again it increases up to 0.4 percent in December (ABC News, 2016). The most significant categories in consumer price index of Australia are non alcoholic beverages and food, housing, culture and recreation, transport, household equipment, furnishings, tobacco, alcohol, financial and insurance services and health. Body Inflation is a process that is normally seen in the case of the materials or the attacks which helps in the measurement of the living standards. It helps in determining the standard of living conditions that helps in determining the services of the goods and thus it also helps in the interpretation of the price of the particular things for the creation of the icy poles and hence forth the variation is created for the understanding the term inflation which determines the boom in the economy or the rise of the prices of the products (Bhar and Mallik, 2012). The level of customer prices is a mark-up allover import and domestic costs, Here, addressed such problems of general to particular models, exogeneity, parameter consistency, modeling and dynamic specification. In this context, test this framework against to exists the models of Australian prices; this model also encompasses the existing models. Rate of Australian inflation averaged around 8% in a year. . International comparison of the inflation also helps in the creation of the inflation rates that are required for the collection of the information for the detailed development of the country (Bhar and Mallik, 2012). The excess in the inflation rates would undermine different aspects of the performance of the economy could weaken the distribution of income, competitiveness in the international market and ultimately hampering the standard of living of the people. The rate of inflation in Australia substantially and also averages moderates 2 % in a year. This way of inflation has also occurred in various changes in Australian economy, incorporates substantial diminishes in traffic, a shift to productivity based procedures and level is created by the factors that are determined for the enhancement of the inflation rates(Dahlsten, 2012).The worst instances that are created in the case of the instances of inflation are as follows:- After the world war 1 of the year 1918-1919, the inflation level seems to increase in the prices of the different products along with the increment of the price of the services. During the war of Korea in the year 1950-1952, the prices of the products are seemed to be increased drastically (Dewatripont, Hansen and Turnovsky, 2003). During the crisis of the global oil, the prices of the oil drastically increased. During the year 1979-1983, the rise of the wages drastically increased thereby other pressures are created (Farrer, 2016). In the year 2000-2001, the introduction of the GST seems to have the increment of the oil prices thereby raised sharply with the felling of the A$(Frank and Bernanke, 2004). Measurement of Inflation The measurement of inflation in Australia is seems to have in the quarter year which determines that the Australian Bureau of Standards explains the calculation of the inflation measurement by the process of the consumer price index or it is commonly known as the CPI index(Gillman, 2009). It helps in the measurement of the prices of the local products and the also helps in the measurement of the imported goods that are represents the high rate of the expenditure with the continuation of the metropolitan households(Hossain, 2014). The consumer prices fall 0.2% in the first quarter of 2016 and it was expected that the consumer prices would increase to 0.3%.The features of the CPI helps in the providing the survey of the goods and the services which includes the categories, related to the food, clothing and the footwear products, housing, household contents and the services, recreation, transportation, financial and the other insurance services(Rajendra and Rajendra, 2002). It also help s us in surveying of the prices which are included for the range of the outlets for the products and the services. It also helps in weighting of the items in the regimen. Also helps in the creation of the comparison of the base years that determines the inflation of the year with conducting the calculation by the process of CPI. Inflation Trends The trends of the inflation help in the creation of the governments that helps in achieving the aims and the objectives of the economic goals for the purpose of the low inflation of the stability of the currency. Thus the currency gains the position of the stability which is seemed in the case of the inflation (Bloomberg.com, 2016). Thus the desirable situation is created where the inflation is slow and the duration of the business cycle is seemed to be rising in nature for the case of the creation of the proper distribution of the income which also helps in defining the various aspects of the economic performance. Hence the excess rates of the business cycle also help in the development of the definition of the international competitiveness which weakens the distribution of the income, undermining the natural competition and the also helps in the erosion of the material living of the standards that are enacted by the ABS(Ryan and Thompson, 2000). Thus the appropriate general trend i s followed for the maintaining the inflation rate that are requisite for the enhancement of the variations of the cycles. It also helps in strengthening the economy of the country with the increment of the inflationary spikes and thus it also responds to the introduction of the GST with depreciating the value of the A$. Global financial crisis is one of the important problems. Rates of interest in the Australia quickly fell in front zero percent (Ryan and Thompson, 2000). Moreover, the public wanted to save their money in a huge amount which they sought to invest. The problems or the issues are that market- since most business and households- a distorted interest rates view as because of existence of zero lesser bound. Conversely, a macroeconomic perspective, the limitation is arbitrary purely but it is not necessary to indicate the contractionary or expansionary monetary policy. In Australia, the nominal rates of interest are required to equate investment and savings is below 0 %. At zero lower bound, insufficiently monetary policy was accommodative to maintain their economic recovery (Scutt, 2016). Australia is not now in that condition but the monetary policy is not proper as most of the economists are expect as accommodative. Thus the moderately low dimensions are also measured by the RBAs for the achievement of the goal for the maintenance of the inflation at the average rate in order to maintain the economy of the Australia. Trend growth of Australia has clear and precisely announced over past decades and steadily neutral cash flows are strictly declined as Reserve Bank of Australia. Most measurements of neutral rate which is a cash rate neither it is contractionery or expansionary stands around 4.5 %(Sloman and Sutcliffe, 2003). The monetary policy is able to take different months of the year before someone even realizes and for this reason a specific macroeconomic problem is occurred. When the authorities of monetary become conscious about the problem or issues they need to act rapidly to inject reserves onto the tools or withdraw the reserves from this. Moreover, it perhaps more or a year before the actions are affects aggregate demand(Szentes, 2002). The delay between arises the problems of a macroeconomic time period and the period at that the policy makers becomes conscious and it is known as recognition lag. Henceforth the growth of the inflation is averagely seen in the case for obtaining the values of the ongoing process that helps in the creation of the financial crisis of the country of Australia. International comparison of the inflation also helps in the creation of the inflation rates that are required for the collection of the information for the detailed development of the country (Witold Jakbik, 2007). Factors that are affect the inflation rate of Australia There are various factors that are considered for the variation in the economy of the Australia and thus both the domestic and the international events are carried out for the enhancements for the proper determination of the affects created on the inflation rate. There are mainly two types of the factors that affect the inflation rates and that are as follows:- Excessively strong demand side conditions cause the demand inflation:- If the influence that are created seems to be very strong in nature, then it helps in the spending chasing of the too few Australian made goods and the services(Ziegelschmidt, 2005). Thus the national spends are seems to be ahead of the production of the goods that are required for the wide spreading the shortages of the products takes place and hence it also helps in the up-liftment of the resources of the firms. Thus it also helps in the increment of the general price rise and thus it leads to the inflation of the demand with the shortage of the goods and thus the boom is created in the situation where the stretching of the economy takes place(ABC News, 2016). The result of this helps in the increment of the greater consumer confidence and thus it results in excess spending of the economy of Australia. The rapid growth of the household services also helps in the creation of the major trading partners that are re lated to the other countries which are the ASIA, NORTH AMERICA and the EUROPE(Bhar and Mallik, 2012). The expansion of the budget takes place with the result of the purchase of the more products and thus it also helps in lowering the interest rates of the inflation. Less favourable demands on the supply side which helps in causing the cost inflation:- If no demand inflation is generated then it leads to the causing of the cost inflation that helps in the decrement of the prices that results in the occurrence of the rising of the costs of the firms of Australia and hence it leads to the enhancement of the growth factors that are related to the protection of the growth margins (Bhar and Mallik, 2012). Hence it also help-s in the determination of the hike of the prices that are related to the growth of the profit margins and thus it results in the inflation of the costs. The common adverse factor that causes the increment of the cost factors are the increment of the wages paid to the workers, reduction in the productivity that enhances the creation of the product of the and also helps in the decrement of the efficiency of the production (Farrer, 2016). It also shows the increment of the government taxes, increment of the price of the price of the l ocally supplied raw materials and the increment of the import taxes on the raw materials. Year mar jun sep dec ann 2015 1.30% 1.50% 1.50% 1.70% 1.50% 2014 2.90% 3% 2.30% 1.70% 2.50% 2013 2.50% 2.40% 2.20% 2.70% 2.50% 2012 1.60% 1.20% 2% 2.20% 1.70% 2011 3.30% 3.50% 3.40% 3% 3.30% Inflation rates for Australia Year mar jun sep dec ann 2016 108.2 2015 106.8 107.5 108 108.4 107.6 2014 105.4 105.9 106.4 106.6 106 2013 102.4 102.8 104 104.8 103.5 2012 99.9 100.4 101.8 102 101 Consumer Price Index for Australia Consumer price index Other consumer price measures Date All groups Excluding volatile items Weighted median Trimmed mean 2012/13 Sep 2 2.4 2.4 2.3 Dec 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.2 Mar 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.3 Jun 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.4 2013/14 Sep 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 Dec 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 Mar 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 Jun 3 2.8 2.7 2.8 2014/15 Sep 2.3 2.1 2.6 2.4 Dec 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.2 Mar 1.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 Jun 1.5 2 2.3 2.2 2015/16 Sep 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 Dec 1.7 2.1 1.9 2.1 Mar 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.7 Quarterly percentage change Consumer price index Other consumer price measures All groups Excluding volatile items Weighted median Trimmed mean Date Non-seasonally adjusted Non-seasonally adjusted Based on seasonally adjusted quarterly price changes 2012/13 Sep 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.7 Dec 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 Mar 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 Jun 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 2013/14 Sep 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.7 Dec 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.8 Mar 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 Jun 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 2014/15 Sep 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 Dec 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 Mar 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.6 Jun 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.6 2015/16 Sep 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 Dec 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 Mar 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Measures of Consumer Price Inflation Government Policies of Australia to achieve the goal of Low inflation The government policies of Australia consist of the two types of the policies irrespective of the demand inflation and the cost inflation. The monetary policy is able to take different months of the year before someone even realizes and for this reason a specific macroeconomic problem is occurred (Ali and Anwar, n.d.). When the authorities of monetary become conscious about the problem or issues they need to act rapidly to inject reserves onto the tools or withdraw the reserves from this. Moreover, it perhaps more or a year before the actions are affects aggregate demand. The delay between arises the problems of a macroeconomic time period and the period at that the policy makers becomes conscious and it is known as recognition lag (Coibion, Gorodnichenko and Wieland, 2010). Thus the two types of the policies are determined for the purpose of the creation of the balance in the economy of the country of Australia and thus it also helps in the creation of the government goals that are required for the proper segregation of the economy of Australia and thus the policies that are requisite for the achievement of the goal are as follows:- The aggregate demand policies that are required for the achievement of the government policies and hence it is applied for the controlling of the demand inflation (Ibrar, 2015). The aggregate supply policy helps in the control of the cost inflation and thus it also helps in the enhancement of the annual average for the control of the cost policies (Lafleche, n.d.). The monetary policy mostly favoured by the current status of the government had lead the nation to teach the current spending as well as buying another countries debt, to allow them to maintain and control the inflation and also increase the savings of the country. Monetary policy always refers to the consideration of the credit control adopted by the countrys central bank. Conclusion The key economic aim of the government of Australia is to achieve low inflation rate. The reserve bank Australia states that it is a situation where the rate of inflation is low and prices of the products and services are rising by an average of around 2 to 3 percent over the duration of business cycle. The excess in the rates would undermine different aspects of the performance of the economy could weaken the distribution of income, competitiveness in the international market and ultimately hampering the standard of living of the people. The monetarists compete against the monetary policy and accounting policy possesses bigger flexibility and it also needed to be implemented quickly. The instruments of the monetary policy can help the government to cope with inflation and policies are of two kinds first, indirect or general and quantitative; and second option is direct or selective and qualitative. They affect the aggregate level demand through the money supply, credit availability, and cost of money. Of the two kinds of instruments incorporates modifying reserve requirements, variations of bank rates and open market operations. They regulate the entire credit levels through such commercial banks in the economy. Businessman is mostly encouraged to lending more. Investment in this scenario also encouraged. Demand, output, income, employment start rising and also the downward rotation of prices is checked. References ABC News. (2016).Australia joining low inflation world. Anderson, K. (n.d.). Australia in the International Economy.SSRN Electronic Journal. Bhar, R. and Mallik, G. (2012). Inflation, Inflation Uncertainty and Macroeconomic Performance in Australia.Economic Analysis and Policy, 42(3), pp.305-318. Bhar, R. and Mallik, G. (2012). Inflation, Inflation Uncertainty and Macroeconomic Performance in Australia.Economic Analysis and Policy, 42(3), pp.305-318. Bloomberg.com. (2016).Reserve Bank of Australia Cuts Core Inflation Forecast to 1-2%. Dahlsten, U. (2012). World market governance.Complexity Economics, 1(1), pp.61-90. Dewatripont, M., Hansen, L. and Turnovsky, S. (2003).Advances in economics and econometrics. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

The Soft Arc Engineering Ltd Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the SoftArc Engineering Ltd. Answer: Introduction SoftArc Engineering Ltd is a civil engineering company that is based out of Australia and also has a global presence with operations in various other countries such as Indonesia, Timor Leste and Papua New Guinea. With the increase in the expansion of cloud computing, the organization has decided to move some of its infrastructure to the cloud. The move would lead to cost-savings in terms of ICT infrastructure and would also streamline the services and operations that would be involved. Approaches to Office Automation There are several approaches that are present which can be adopted in order to automate the office at SoftArc Engineering Ltd. Each of the approach has its own set of advantages and drawbacks associated with it and an analysis has been done to understand the most applicable approach out of all. Ad-Hoc Approach to Office Automation SoftArc Engineering Ltd has taken a step to move towards cloud in its infrastructure. The decision will bring along a lot many changes and it would not be advisable to move the entire set up all at once. However, there would only be certain components that would be required to be moved in the beginning of the migration process[1]. Ad-hoc approach to office automation can therefore be implemented at SoftArc Engineering Ltd to migrate the components to the cloud. It is the approach in which the components to be moved along with the planning behind the same would be done on an ad-hoc basis which would be task specific in nature. The decision on what components are required to be moved along with the timeframe and methodology that would be adopted in migration would also be ad-hoc and value based in nature. There will be several advantages that will be offered with this approach as the automation of the office will bring along several changes which will be easily tackled with the aid of ad-hoc approach. Also, the automation process will take place in a number of iterations and there will be specific components that will be included in single iteration instead of all of the components at once[2]. The experts at the end of the organization will also be actively involved to monitor the entire process to provide their valuable feedbacks. The feedbacks will be included in the next iterations which would make sure that the office automation at the end is done without any faults or errors. There will be certain drawbacks that will be involved with this approach as well. The costs that will be associated with this approach will be high as there will be a number of hidden costs that will be involved[3]. Also, there will be issues associated with documentation that may come up. Ad-hoc approach to office automation will not pay much attention on the documentation of the activities that will be covered which may make it difficult to refer to the activities covered in the past at the later stages. Pilot Approach Another approach that may be followed in the office automation of SoftArc Engineering Ltd can be pilot approach. It is the approach in which the migration and conversion process is rolled out to the group of test users and experts and their valuable feedback is collected before rolling out the same to larger sections. In case of SoftArc Engineering Ltd, the migration of office components to the cloud is required to be done which would lead to the creation and adaptation of automation in the office. As per the pilot approach, all of the automation activities shall be done in one go and a group of test users and experts shall be selected to roll out the migration processes to. The feedback would then be collected from the group of test users and the further processes will be carried out as per the feedback that would be provided. If there will be no changes highlighted in the feedback received, then the processes associated with office automation will be rolled out to larger sections. However, in case of certain changes and modifications, the rectification activities will be performed before rolling out the processes further[4]. There will be several advantages of this process as the probability of the risks associated with errors or defects will be the least. There will also be a section of people in the organization that would gain an expertise on the new system and the group may provide further trainings to other resources as and when required. There would also be improvement processes that will be involved as the feedback of the test group would be considered as extremely valuable. There will however be certain drawbacks associated with the process as well. Over-reliance on the test group is one of the major drawbacks as the feedback of the members in the test group will be considered as final. If there will be any issues in their skill sets then it would impact the entire organization. Recommended Approach On the basis of the analysis that has been carried out above on the approach to adapt for office automation and the pros and cons of each approach, the one that would be most applicable in case of SoftArc Engineering Ltd would be ad-hoc approach. There will be lesser risks that will be involved in case of ad-hoc approach as compared to the pilot approach for office automation. Also, the task-specific nature of the ad-hoc approach will be beneficial for the organization. Difference between Locally Hosted Data Centre IaaS Provider in a Public Cloud There are a lot of differences between the enterprise data centre that is locally hosted in nature and the one that is based upon Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provider in a public cloud. Some of these points of difference have been summarized in the table below. Point of Difference Locally Hosted Enterprise Data Centre IaaS Provider in Public Cloud Servers The servers in case of locally hosted enterprise data centre are co-located in nature The servers in case of IaaS provider in public cloud are integrated in nature[5] Fault Tolerance Servers in this case are dependent upon each other and therefore failures in one of the servers or areas impact others as well The servers in case of IaaS provider in public cloud are fault tolerant in nature Resources Resources in the case of locally hosted enterprise data centre are partitioned and performance inter-related in nature Resources in the case of IaaS provider in public cloud are unified and performance isolated in nature Management Management activities that are required to be carried out are based upon manual operations which lead to a number of faults and errors Management activities in this case are automated in nature that yield centralized full control[6] Scheduling Scheduling in case of locally hosted enterprise data centre are over-provisioning in nature Scheduling in the case of IaaS provider in public cloud is flexible and scalable in nature Renting Renting in case of locally hosted enterprise data centre is per physical machine Renting in the case of IaaS provider in public cloud is per logical usage Application and Services Applications and services in this case are fixed on designated servers Applications and services in this case run and move across all the VMs Critical Issues and Factors There are several issues and factors apart from the cost that SoftArc Engineering Ltd would be required to consider before moving to IaaS model of cloud computing. Some of these factors have been summarized below. Planning is an essential activity that is required to be carried out and it is often observed that the organizations face many risks in adopting a new technology. It would be necessary for SoftArc Engineering Ltd to understand the actual need of cloud in its infrastructure rather than moving to cloud just for the sake of it. Incorrect estimation of need would lead to cost overruns and other risks associated with the cloud. Planning would be essential to choose the appropriate IaaS vendor to select from[7]. It would also be essential to perform a market research and market analysis on the IaaS vendor that would be selected for the organization. Assessment of the viability and longevity of the vendor shall be done. It has been observed that there are several vendors in the market that risk the investments of the clients. Also, there are vendors that take up the projects and contracts but do not have sufficient resources to accomplish the project objectives leading to a huge damage as a result. It would therefore be essential to perform a market analysis of all of these factors. Implementation and migration from the traditional practices to the IaaS cloud would require support from other systems and departments as well such as IT department and legal department. There would be a lot many architectural differences that will be present and it would be essential to understand all of these differences. The organization would be required to evaluate the technical depth to understand the technicalities along with the level of integration and collaboration that would be required. Before selecting the IaaS provider and the components to migrate, this analysis would be required to be performed. Data storage and data management associated with IaaS cloud provider along with the features such as data back-up and recovery options would be required to be analyzed and understood[8]. There will be a lot of data that will be associated with the organization and this data would be migrated to IaaS cloud upon its implementation. Assessment therefore would be required to be done to understand the in-depth details around data storage and management. It would also be essential to understand the level of post-delivery support that will be provided by the IaaS service provider. There are often cases that the service provider do not provide the required level of maintenance and support post deployment that leaves the users and customers with a lot of trouble. Analysis of these factors would therefore be required to be done. Security mechanisms and security features that are associated with the IaaS service provider would also play an important role in the selection of the vendor. There are several security vulnerabilities that are associated with cloud computing and with the migration of SoftArc Engineering Ltd components to the cloud, these security risks would be associated with the organization as well. It would therefore be essential to make sure that the vendor has suitable measures to detect, prevent and control all of these risks and attacks. There would also be certain system qualities that would be required to be considered while making the selection for IaaS provider. Performance of the cloud services would be required to be excellent and it would be essential that there is minimum response time and throughput time for each request. Reliability of the cloud services would be essential as it would be necessary to ensure that the information and processes are valid at all times Availability of the services would be essential to be validated as well. Difference between IaaS, PaaS and SaaS Software as a Service Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud deployment model in which the applications along with the services are hosted on the cloud by SaaS vendor and the customers are allowed to access the same with the aid of a network which is primarily Internet in majority of the cases[9]. The service provider of cloud provides the customers and the end-users with a license to the services that are provided. Convenient web access to the customers for the services that are availedSoftware can be easily managed through the centrally located pointSaaS model makes use of on-to-many schemeMaintenance and upgrades are not the botheration of the users in this caseIntegration of the services along with their collaboration is easy Platform as a Service Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a cloud deployment model in which it is extremely easy to build up the application and the services with any complexities associated with the maintenance of the same. Installations and downloads are not necessary in this case. Characteristics of the model are as listed below.There is a common standard that is followed all throughout for integration and management activities along with the database[10]User experience and the ease of usability that comes with this model is high and there are several customization options provided to the usersMulti-tenant architecture is followed in the case of PaaS which provides the opportunity to more than one user to perform the operations and activities simultaneouslyThe services that are offered with this model are also scalable in nature Infrastructure as a Service Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud deployment model in which cloud services and deliveries are offered with the help of a number of outsourcing of the equipment such as storage options, hardware and database along with the networking tools. More than one user is allowed to access a machine or a hardware or a tool associated with IaaSDynamic scaling is possible with IaaS that allows scaling up and scaling down as and when required[11]Cost of availing this particular model varies on the basis of the features that are requiredResources that are associated with IaaS are distributed in nature Recommended Model and Reasons for Recommendation The model that has been recommended for this case is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model for cloud computing. The model has been selected for SoftArc Engineering Ltd as ad-hoc approach for migration to cloud will amalgamate perfectly with this model. The decision on what components are required to be moved along with the timeframe and methodology that would be adopted in migration would also be ad-hoc and value based in nature. There will be several advantages that will be offered with this approach as the automation of the office will bring along several changes which will be easily tackled with the aid of ad-hoc approach. Also, the automation process will take place in a number of iterations and there will be specific components that will be included in single iteration instead of all of the components at once. The experts at the end of the organization will also be actively involved to monitor the entire process to provide their valuable feedbacks. The feedbacks will be included in the next iterations which would make sure that the office automation at the end is done without any faults o r errors[12]. IaaS model for cloud computing will easily fit in with the above strategy that will be followed and will also offer the following advantages. More than one user is allowed to access a machine or a hardware or a tool associated with IaaSDynamic scaling is possible with IaaS that allows scaling up and scaling down as and when requiredCost of availing this particular model varies on the basis of the features that are requiredResources that are associated with IaaS are distributed in nature Possible Risks and Problems Shared Access Multi-tenancy and multi-tasking are the two essential features that are associated with IaaS cloud model and it is because of these two features that the multiple users will be allowed to obtain access at the same time. There will be sharing of a number of entities such as memory, tools and database that will also be involved. Shared access along with sharing of all of these resources may lead to the emergence of risks such as those associated with spoofing and IP addresses leading to risks to the information security. Cost and time The cost that is involved with the IaaS cloud model is varied in nature and depends entirely upon the tasks and components that are involved. Estimation of the costs and budget along with the timeframe that would be required to accomplish all of the activities would therefore be troublesome and would also involve a number of complexities[13]. Legislation and Regulation The information associated with SoftArc Engineering Ltd would be private and confidential in nature and any violation of these properties will lead to the emergence of a number of risks and security occurrences. The same may also cause a number of legislative and regulatory complexities and troubles[14]. Authentication, authorization and access control Security mechanisms and security features that are associated with the IaaS service provider would also play an important role in the selection of the vendor. There are several security vulnerabilities that are associated with cloud computing and with the migration of SoftArc Engineering Ltd components to the cloud, these security risks would be associated with the organization as well. It would therefore be essential to make sure that the vendor has suitable measures to detect, prevent and control all of these risks and attacks. Availability IaaS cloud model has the features of availability and excellent fault tolerance associated with it. However, there are still cases of unavailability of services that are encountered that lead to the dissatisfaction among the customers. Data Authority and Ownership In case of involvement of IaaS provider it would be essential to define the authority and ownership rights associated with the organization to avoid any of the ambiguities and confusions at the later stages. Measures to Overcome There are a number of measures that may be adopted by the organization along with the IaaS vendor to avoid the issues and problems that have been stated above. Security infrastructure and mechanisms would be required to be designed in such a manner that the basic as well as advanced security is enhanced. Also, there would be in-depth planning analysis required to make sure that there are no errors or deviations experienced in the journey[15]. Data storage, data management along with its back-up and recovery would also play an extremely important role. Conclusion SoftArc Engineering Ltd is a civil engineering company that is based out of Australia and also has a global presence with operations in various other countries such as Indonesia, Timor Leste and Papua New Guinea. With the increase in the expansion of cloud computing, the organization has decided to move some of its infrastructure to the cloud. On the basis of the analysis that has been carried out on the approach to adapt for office automation and the pros and cons of each approach, the one that would be most applicable in case of SoftArc Engineering Ltd would be ad-hoc approach. There will be lesser risks that will be involved in case of ad-hoc approach as compared to the pilot approach for office automation. Also, the task-specific nature of the ad-hoc approach will be beneficial for the organization. The model that has been recommended for this case is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model for cloud computing. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud deployment model in wh ich cloud services and deliveries are offered with the help of a number of outsourcing of the equipment such as storage options, hardware and database along with the networking tools. Security infrastructure and mechanisms would be required to be designed in such a manner that the basic as well as advanced security is enhanced. Also, there would be in-depth planning analysis required to make sure that there are no errors or deviations experienced in the journey. 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